Shih Tzu

History & Origin

The Shih Tzu has ancient roots, dating back more than 1,000 years. Thought to have originated from crosses between Tibetan breeds like the Lhasa Apso and small Chinese dogs such as the Pekingese, Shih Tzus were bred as lapdogs for Chinese royalty.

They were highly prized by the Ming and Qing dynasties, and their name means “lion dog” in Mandarin, reflecting their resemblance to traditional Chinese guardian lions. The breed reached Europe in the 20th century and was recognised by The Kennel Club in 1940.

What Were They Bred to Do?

Shih Tzus were bred purely as companions, designed to live indoors and bring comfort and affection to their owners. Their role remains the same today: loving lapdogs and cheerful household pets.

Appearance & Breed Standard

Shih Tzus are small, sturdy, and well-balanced with a short muzzle and large, dark eyes. Their long, flowing coat is one of their most striking features, with luxurious hair often tied up in a topknot to keep it clear of the eyes.

Their double coat can be found in almost any colour or combination. They carry their plumed tails over their backs, giving them an elegant outline.

Temperament & Living with a Shih Tzu

Affectionate, loyal, and friendly, Shih Tzus make excellent companions. They usually get along well with children and other pets and adapt easily to different living situations, whether in a flat or house.

Though playful, they are not overly demanding in exercise and enjoy spending much of their time close to their owners. They can be a little stubborn, but their loving nature makes them very rewarding pets.

Exercise & Mental Stimulation

Shih Tzus need 30–60 minutes of daily exercise, which can be split into short walks and indoor play. They are not endurance dogs but enjoy games, training, and gentle strolls.

Mental enrichment, such as puzzle toys and short training sessions, helps keep their intelligent minds active.

Training & Socialisation

Shih Tzus are intelligent but sometimes independent. Positive reinforcement methods, using treats and praise, work best. Patience is important, particularly with house training.

Early socialisation ensures they grow into confident, well-mannered companions. They generally enjoy meeting people and other dogs.

Grooming & Shedding

Shih Tzus are high-maintenance in grooming:

• Daily brushing prevents tangles and mats.

• Professional grooming every 6–8 weeks helps manage coat length.

• Eyes and facial folds should be cleaned regularly.

• Regular dental care, nail trimming, and ear cleaning are essential.

They are considered low shedders, but their long coat requires consistent upkeep.

Health & Longevity (non-diagnostic)

Shih Tzus typically live 10–16 years.

Potential health concerns include:

• Brachycephalic Obstructive Airway Syndrome (BOAS) due to short muzzles

• Eye problems (dry eye, cataracts, corneal ulcers)

• Hip dysplasia and patellar luxation

• Ear infections

• Dental disease

Responsible breeders carry out health checks, and owners should take care in hot weather due to the breed’s short nose.

Feeding & Care Basics

Shih Tzus do well on a balanced diet suited to toy breeds. Portion control is important to avoid obesity, as excess weight can strain their joints and breathing. Adults usually thrive on two meals per day.

Ethical Sourcing & Adoption (UK)

Always look for breeders in The Kennel Club Assured Breeders Scheme who test breeding dogs for hereditary issues. Many rescues rehome Shih Tzus, particularly older dogs needing loving homes.

Ask about health testing and early socialisation before committing.

Legal Note (UK)

Shih Tzus are not subject to breed-specific restrictions in the UK.

Is the Shih Tzu Right for You?

Best for:

• Families or seniors wanting a loyal, affectionate lapdog

• Owners who enjoy grooming or don’t mind professional help

• Flat dwellers or those with small homes

Think twice if:

• You prefer a low-maintenance dog

• You live in a very hot climate

• You want a dog for vigorous outdoor activities

FAQs

1. Are Shih Tzus good family pets?
   Yes, they are affectionate and adaptable, making great companions for families.

2. Do Shih Tzus need a lot of grooming?
   Yes, daily brushing and regular trims are essential to manage their long coat.

3. How much exercise does a Shih Tzu need?
   Around 30–60 minutes daily, split into walks and play.

4. Do Shih Tzus shed a lot?
   No, they are low shedders, but their coat requires high maintenance.

5. Are Shih Tzus easy to train?
   They can be a little stubborn but respond well to gentle, consistent training.

6. What health problems are common in Shih Tzus?
   Breathing issues, eye problems, dental disease, and joint conditions.