American Cocker Spaniel

History & Origin

The American Cocker Spaniel developed in the United States during the 19th century, descended from English Cocker Spaniels brought over by British settlers. Over time, breeders in the US selected for a smaller size, rounder head, and longer, fuller coat. This created a distinct breed recognised separately from its English cousin by the mid-20th century. Although bred originally for flushing game birds, the American Cocker became more associated with companionship and showing. It was famously popularised by the Disney film Lady and the Tramp.

What Were They Bred to Do?

Originally, American Cockers were used as hunting dogs, flushing game birds from cover and retrieving them for hunters. While their English cousins remain more widely used as working gundogs, the American Cocker’s purpose shifted towards companionship. Their heritage is still evident in their lively, alert nature and love of outdoor activity.

Appearance & Breed Standard

The American Cocker Spaniel is compact, with a rounded skull, well-defined stop, and large, dark, expressive eyes. Long ears hang close to the head and are covered with silky feathering. The coat is one of the breed’s defining features: long, flowing, and soft, with feathering on the ears, chest, legs, and belly. Accepted colours include solid black, liver, red, golden, and parti-colours, as well as tricolour. Movement is smooth and free, reflecting both elegance and stamina.

Temperament & Living with an American Cocker Spaniel

American Cockers are affectionate, cheerful, and gentle dogs that thrive on human company. They are playful and usually get along well with children and other dogs. Their sensitive nature means they respond best to gentle handling and may not suit households with rough play or very boisterous pets. They dislike being left alone for long periods and thrive in homes where they can be part of family life.

Exercise & Mental Stimulation

Despite their elegant appearance, American Cockers are active dogs requiring 45-60 minutes of daily exercise. Walks, play sessions, and chances to run in secure areas are ideal. They enjoy fetch, agility, and scent games, all of which keep their minds sharp as well as their bodies fit. Puppies should have short, gentle sessions, while older dogs still need daily activity to maintain health.

Training & Socialisation

Highly trainable, American Cockers respond well to positive reinforcement. They are eager to please but can be sensitive, so harsh corrections should be avoided. Early socialisation helps prevent shyness and ensures they grow into confident adults. Basic obedience, recall, and loose-lead training should begin from puppyhood. Their intelligence means they enjoy learning tricks and advanced training.

Grooming & Shedding

This breed requires significant grooming. The long coat must be brushed several times a week (often daily) to prevent mats and tangles. Professional grooming every 6-8 weeks is recommended to maintain coat health and appearance. Regular bathing is needed to keep the coat clean, particularly for lighter colours. In addition, routine ear care is essential, as their long, floppy ears can trap moisture and lead to infections. Shedding is moderate but manageable with regular grooming.

Health & Longevity

American Cockers typically live 12-15 years. Common health concerns include eye problems (such as cataracts and glaucoma), ear infections, hip dysplasia, and certain skin conditions. They can also be prone to autoimmune disorders. Responsible breeders carry out health checks, especially for hips and eyes. Regular vet care, ear cleaning, and dental hygiene all help ensure long-term health.

Feeding & Care Basics

A balanced diet suited to their size and activity level is important. Because they can gain weight easily, portion control is essential. Puppies require several smaller meals a day, while adults usually thrive on two meals. Access to fresh water should be available at all times.

Ethical Sourcing & Adoption (UK)

In the UK, the American Cocker Spaniel is less common than the English Cocker, so prospective owners should seek reputable breeders, ideally through The Kennel Club Assured Breeders Scheme. Rescue organisations and spaniel-specific charities may occasionally have American Cockers available for adoption. Buyers should always avoid unverified sellers or breeders who cannot provide health records or allow visits.

Legal Note (UK)

The American Cocker Spaniel is not subject to any breed-specific legislation in the UK. Owners are responsible for their dog’s behaviour under general dog control laws.

Is the American Cocker Spaniel Right for You?

Best for:

• Families seeking a cheerful, affectionate companion

• Owners committed to regular grooming

• Households where the dog won’t be left alone for long

Think twice if:

• You want a very low-maintenance dog

• You are away from home for long working hours

• You prefer a quieter breed with little grooming needs

FAQs

How much does an American Cocker Spaniel cost in the UK?
Puppies usually cost £1,500-£2,500 depending on breeder reputation and pedigree. Adoption fees are lower.

Are American Cockers good with children?
Yes, they are gentle and affectionate, though supervision is always recommended with very young children.

Do they shed a lot?
They shed moderately, but daily grooming reduces loose hair and keeps the coat healthy.

How much exercise do they need?
Around 45-60 minutes daily, plus mental enrichment like games and training.

Are they easy to train?
Yes, they are intelligent and eager to please, but sensitive — positive reinforcement works best.

What health issues affect the breed?
Eye conditions, ear infections, hip dysplasia, and skin problems are the most common concerns.