Australian Shepherd

History & Origin

The Australian Shepherd’s misleading name comes from Basque shepherds who emigrated to the US from Australia with their sheepdogs in the 19th century. In America, ranchers refined the breed to create a versatile herding dog capable of working cattle and sheep in challenging conditions. The Aussie’s intelligence, stamina, and agility made it a favourite in the western states. Today, while still prized as a working dog, it is also popular in canine sports and as a loyal companion.

What Were They Bred to Do?

Australian Shepherds were bred for herding livestock over long distances, often on rugged terrain. Their strong work ethic, intelligence, and agility meant they could adapt to different tasks, from controlling cattle to guiding flocks of sheep. Modern Aussies retain these instincts, often showing natural herding behaviour like circling or nipping at heels, even in pet homes.

Appearance & Breed Standard

The Australian Shepherd is a medium-sized, well-balanced dog with a slightly longer-than-tall build. Their expressive, almond-shaped eyes may be brown, blue, amber, or even a combination (heterochromia is common). Ears are medium-sized and set high, usually semi-erect. The coat is medium length, with feathering on the legs and tail. Colours include blue merle, red merle, solid black, and red, often with white and copper points. Their movement is smooth, powerful, and ground-covering, reflecting their stamina.

Temperament & Living with an Australian Shepherd

Aussies are intelligent, loyal, and energetic dogs that thrive in households where they have a role to play. They form strong bonds with their families and are often affectionate and protective. They usually get along well with children and other dogs, but their herding instinct may lead them to chase or attempt to “herd” kids and pets. They are best suited to experienced owners who can provide firm but positive training, as well as regular outlets for their mental and physical energy.

Exercise & Mental Stimulation

Australian Shepherds need at least 90-120 minutes of daily exercise. Long walks, runs, agility, obedience, and herding-style games all suit their active nature. They excel in canine sports such as flyball, canicross, and agility competitions. Mental stimulation is just as important as physical – puzzle feeders, advanced training, scent games, and problem-solving tasks keep their sharp minds busy. Without sufficient stimulation, they may develop destructive behaviours.

Training & Socialisation

Aussies are highly trainable thanks to their intelligence and eagerness to please. They learn quickly but can also become bored, so training sessions should be varied and engaging. Positive reinforcement works best, using food, toys, and praise. Early socialisation is essential to prevent wariness of strangers and to reduce overprotective tendencies. Strong recall training is advised, as their herding instinct can drive them to chase wildlife.

Grooming & Shedding

Australian Shepherds have a medium-length double coat that requires regular grooming. Weekly brushing helps prevent mats and tangles, while more frequent grooming is needed during seasonal shedding in spring and autumn. They are moderate shedders year-round. Occasional baths, nail trimming, ear cleaning, and dental care are part of routine maintenance. Their coat is weather-resistant, making them hardy outdoor companions, but it still requires upkeep.

Health & Longevity

Aussies generally live 12-15 years. They are considered healthy but may be prone to certain conditions, including hip dysplasia, epilepsy, eye disorders (such as cataracts and Collie Eye Anomaly), and sensitivity to certain drugs (MDR1 gene mutation). Merle-to-merle breeding can cause serious health problems, including deafness and blindness, so responsible breeding is vital. Regular vet checks, health testing, and maintaining a healthy weight support longevity.

Feeding & Care Basics

A balanced diet tailored to their age, size, and activity level is important for Aussies. Highly active individuals may require diets with higher protein and energy content. Puppies should be fed multiple small meals daily, transitioning to two meals as adults. Portion control prevents obesity, especially in less active households. Fresh water should always be available.

Ethical Sourcing & Adoption (UK)

The Australian Shepherd is less common in the UK than Collies, but reputable breeders can be found, ideally through The Kennel Club Assured Breeders Scheme. Prospective owners should ask for health certificates, especially hip and eye test results. Rescue organisations and herding breed charities may also have Aussies and Aussie crosses for adoption. Avoid unlicensed sellers or breeders offering merle-to-merle litters.

Legal Note (UK)

Australian Shepherds are not subject to breed-specific legislation in the UK. Owners must follow general dog control laws, ensuring their dogs are well-trained, safe, and under control in public.

Is the Australian Shepherd Right for You?

Best for:

• Active owners who enjoy training, sports, and outdoor activities

• Families who want an intelligent, loyal companion

• Homes with gardens or countryside access

Think twice if:

• You prefer a calm, low-energy dog

• You are away from home for long hours each day

• You cannot commit to regular training and mental stimulation

FAQs

How much does an Australian Shepherd cost in the UK?
Puppies usually cost £1,200-£2,000. Rescue adoption fees are lower.

Are Australian Shepherds good with children?
Yes, they are affectionate and playful, but supervision is recommended as they may try to herd kids.

Do Aussies shed a lot?
They shed moderately year-round, with heavier shedding during seasonal coat changes.

How much exercise does an Aussie need?
At least 90-120 minutes daily, including structured activities and mental enrichment.

Are they easy to train?
Yes, they are highly intelligent and trainable but need consistent, positive training to prevent stubbornness.

What health issues affect the breed?
Hip dysplasia, epilepsy, eye disorders, and MDR1 drug sensitivity are the main concerns.